Small Animal Clinical Nutrition

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Chapter 26: Parenteral-Assisted Feeding References


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Kemp L. The effect of catheter type and site on infection rates in total parenteral infection rates. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1994; 18: 71-74.

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Klein S, Miles JM. Metabolic effects of long-chain and medium-chain triglyceride emulsions in humans (editorial). Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1994; 18: 396.

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McClendon RR. Clinical evaluation of the IV formulator for fabricating TPN solutions. American Journal of Intravenous Therapy and Clinical Nutrition 1981; 8: 17-20.

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Box 26-2 Bibliography

Carpentier YA, Gossum AV, Dubois DY, et al. Lipid metabolism in parenteral nutrition. In: Rombeau JL, Caldwell MD, eds. Clinical Nutrition; Parenteral Nutrition, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Co, 1993; 35-74.

Carter AL, Frenkel R. The relationship of choline and carnitine in the choline deficient rat. Journal of Nutrition 1978; 108: 1748-1754.

Freund HR. Abnormalities of liver function and hepatic damage associated with total parenteral nutrition. Nutrition 1991; 7: 1-6.

Herson VC, Block C, Eisenfield L, et al. Effects of intravenous fat infusion on neonatal neutrophil and platelet function. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1989; 13: 620-622.

Jensen GL, Mascioli ES, Seidner DL, et al. Parenteral infusion of long- and medium-chain triglycerides and reticuloendothelial system function in man. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1990; 14: 467-471.

Miles JM. Intravenous fat emulsions in nutritional support. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 1991; 7: 306-311.

Nussbaum MS, Fischer JE. Pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis during total parenteral nutrition. Surgery Annual 1991; 23: 1-11.

Nussbaum MS, Li S, Bower RH, et al. Lipid additions to total parenteral nutrition prevent hepatic steatosis in rats by lowering the portal venous insulin/glucagon ratio. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 1992; 16: 106-109.

Palmblad J. Intravenous lipid emulsions and host defenseA critical review. Clinical Nutrition 1991; 10: 303-308.

Remillard RL, Thatcher CD. Parenteral nutritional support in the small animal patient. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 1989; 19: 1287-1306.

Shronts EP. Essential nature of choline with implications for total parenteral nutrition (abstract). Nutrition in Clinical Practice 1998; 13: 43.



Box 26-3 Bibliography

Atik M. Hemodynamic changes following infusion of intravenous fat emulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 1978; 1: 141-150.

Driscoll DF, Baptista RJ, Bistrian BR, et al. Practical considerations regarding the use of total nutrient admixtures. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1986; 43: 416-419.

Driscoll DF, Bhargava HN, Li L, et al. Physicochemical stability of total nutrient admixtures. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 1995; 52: 623-634.

Leveen HH, Giordano P, Spletzer J. The mechanism of removal of intravenous fat. Its relationship to toxicity. Archives of Surgery 1961; 83: 311-321.



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